Python学习笔记13-网络编程

网络编程

简单socket通信示例

TCP

书上的例子错误百出, 有毒

服务端:

from socket import *
from time import ctime

HOST = '' # 空白或None表示可使用任何可获取的HOST
PORT = 21414
BUFFSIZ = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) 
s.bind(ADDR)
s.listen(5) # 传入链接最大数是5

while True:
    print('waiting...')
    c, addr = s.accept() # accept返回一个可供传输数据的套接字, 和另一端的地址
    with c:
        print('connected from:', addr)
        while True:
            data = c.recv(BUFFSIZ)
            print('recv: ', data.decode('utf-8'))
            if not data:
                break
            c.send(bytes('[{}] {}'.format(ctime(), data.decode('utf-8')), 'utf-8'))
s.close()

客户端:

from socket import *

HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 21414
BUFFSIZ = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

c = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
c.connect(ADDR)

while True:
    data = input('> ')
    if not data:
        break
    c.send(bytes(data, 'utf-8'))
    data = c.recv(BUFFSIZ)
    if not data:
        break
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))
c.close()

UDP

服务端:

from socket import *
from time import ctime

host = ''
port = 1234
bufsiz = 1024
addr = (host, port)

s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
s.bind(addr)

while True:
	print('waiting...')
	data, c_addr = s.recvfrom(bufsiz)
	s.sendto(
		bytes( '[{0}] {1}'.format(ctime(), data.decode('utf-8')), 'utf-8'),
		c_addr
		)
	print('received from {0} : {1}'.format(c_addr, data.decode('utf-8')))
s.close()

客户端:

from socket import *

host = 'localhost'
port = 1234
addr = (host, port)
bufsiz = 1024

c = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

while True:
	data = input('> ')
	if not data: break
	c.sendto(bytes(data, 'utf-8'), addr)
	data, s_addr = c.recvfrom(bufsiz)
	if not data: break
	print(data.decode('utf-8'))
c.close()

socketserver模块

提供了BaseServer类, 和其子类TCPServer, UDPServer

两个子类中提供了两个文件rfile和wfile, 对其读写相当于send和recv数据

服务端:

from socketserver import (TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH)
from time import ctime

host = ''
port = 1234
addr = (host, port)

class MyRequesthandler(SRH):
	def handle(self):
		self.data = self.rfile.readline().strip()
		print('connected from:{0} \n receive: {1}'.format(
			self.client_address, 
			self.data.decode('utf-8')
			)
		)

		self.wfile.write(bytes('[{0}] {1}'.format(ctime(), self.data.decode('utf-8')), 'utf-8'))

tcpServ = TCP(addr, MyRequesthandler)
print('waiting...')
tcpServ.serve_forever()

客户端:

from socket import *

host = 'localhost'
port = 1234
bufsiz = 1024
addr = (host, port)

while True:
	c = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
	c.connect(addr)
	data = input('> ')
	if not data: break
	c.send(bytes(data+'\r\n', 'utf-8'))
	data = c.recv(bufsiz)
	if not data: break
	print(data.strip().decode('utf-8'))
c.close()

Twisted框架

Twisted框架是一个完整的事件驱动的网络框架, 功能比较强大

因特网客户端编程

Python提供了大量的因特网协议模块, 例如FTP, IMAP, POP, SMTP等等, 多而杂, 用到的时候再看